【被动语态讲解PPT课件】 被动语态讲解PPT课件
一、什么是被动语态?
在英语中,句子的结构通常分为两种:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态是指主语是动作的执行者。例如:
> The teacher explained the grammar rule.
被动语态则是指主语是动作的接受者,而动作的执行者可能被提到,也可能不被提及。例如:
> The grammar rule was explained by the teacher.
在被动语态中,动词的形式会根据时态发生变化,但基本结构是:“be + 过去分词”。
二、被动语态的基本结构
被动语态的基本结构如下:
be + 过去分词(past participle)
- 一般现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词
例句:The book is written by a famous author.
- 一般过去时:was/were + 过去分词
例句:The car was repaired yesterday.
- 一般将来时:will be + 过去分词
例句:The problem will be solved soon.
- 现在完成时:have/has been + 过去分词
例句:The report has been submitted.
三、什么时候使用被动语态?
1. 当动作的执行者不重要或未知时
例句:The window was broken last night.(不知道是谁打破的)
2. 当强调动作的接受者时
例句:The new policy was introduced in January.(重点是政策本身)
3. 在正式或学术写作中
例句:The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions.
4. 当不想突出动作的执行者时
例句:The letter was sent to the office.
四、常见错误与注意事项
1. 不要混淆“be + 过去分词”和“be + 现在分词”
- 正确:The cake was eaten.(被动语态)
- 错误:The cake was eating.(错误用法)
2. 注意时态的一致性
- 如果主句是过去时,被动语态也应使用过去时态。
3. 有时需要加“by”来表示动作的执行者
- 例句:The painting was painted by Picasso.
五、练习与应用
练习题一:将下列句子改为被动语态
1. They built the house in 2020.
→ The house was built in 2020.
2. She wrote a letter.
→ A letter was written by her.
3. The chef cooked the meal.
→ The meal was cooked by the chef.
练习题二:判断下列句子是否为被动语态
1. The ball was kicked by the player.(√)
2. He is playing football.(×)
3. The door is open.(×)
4. The movie will be shown tomorrow.(√)
六、总结
- 被动语态的结构是:be + 过去分词
- 它常用于强调动作的接受者或隐藏动作的执行者
- 在正式写作中使用较多,尤其在科技、新闻、学术文章中
- 注意时态和结构的正确搭配,避免常见错误
希望这份内容能帮助你更好地理解并运用被动语态。如果需要进一步扩展内容或设计PPT页面布局,也可以告诉我!